<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0376-7892</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cirugía Plástica Ibero-Latinoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cir. plást. iberolatinoam.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0376-7892</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Española de Cirugía Plástica, Reparadora y Estética (SECPRE)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0376-78922024000400008</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4321/s0376-78922024000400008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Tratamientos no quirúrgicos en secuelas de parálisis facial: revisión crítica de la literatura y recomendaciones clínicas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Non-surgical treatments in facial paralysis sequelae: a critical review of the literature and clinical recommendations]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zavala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Abraham]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Pawlikowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Wieslawa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas Servicio de Cirugía Plástica y Reconstructiva ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño Servicio de Cirugía Plástica y Reconstructiva ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>421</fpage>
<lpage>430</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0376-78922024000400008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0376-78922024000400008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0376-78922024000400008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción y objetivo. Las secuelas de la parálisis facial, tales como sincinesias, asimetrías e hipercinesias, afectan la expresión y movilidad facial, impactando significativamente en la calidad de vida. Este artículo realiza una revisión crítica de los tratamientos no quirúrgicos disponibles para el manejo de estas secuelas, presentando recomendaciones clínicas basadas en la evidencia actual y en la experiencia de los autores.  Material y método. Revisión selectiva de la literatura en inglés y español utilizando las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, TripDatabase y SciELO. Incluimos estudios sobre reentrenamiento neuromuscular, toxina botulínica y rellenos faciales para el tratamiento de secuelas de parálisis facial. Seleccionamos 39 artículos relevantes publicados entre 1982 y 2024 y 3 textos adicionales sobre fisiopatología y manejo de la parálisis facial que analizamos para evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de los tratamientos no quirúrgicos.  Resultados. El reentrenamiento neuromuscular demuestra ser eficaz en reducir las sincinesias y mejorar la motilidad. La toxina botulínica muestra buenos resultados para disminuir las contracciones anormales y mejorar la estética y función facial, especialmente cuando se combinaba con el reentrenamiento. Los rellenos faciales son también eficaces para corregir asimetrías y la pérdida unilateral de volumen.  Conclusiones. Los tratamientos no quirúrgicos, como el reentrenamiento neuromuscular, la toxina botulínica y los rellenos faciales, son opciones efectivas para el manejo de las secuelas de la parálisis facial. Es esencial un enfoque personalizado, considerando la anatomía facial y la fisiopatología subyacente, para optimizar los resultados de estas intervenciones mínimamente invasivas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background and objective. The sequelae of facial paralysis, such as synkinesis, asymmetry, and hyperkinesis, significantly affect facial expression and mobility leading to a substantial impact on quality of life. This article provides a critical review of non-surgical treatments available for managing these sequelae, offering clinical recommendations based on current evidence and the authors' expertise.  Methods. A selective review of the literature in English and Spanish was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, TripDatabase, and SciELO. Studies focusing on neuromuscular retraining, botulinum toxin, and facial fillers for the treatment of facial paralysis sequelae were included. A total of 39 relevant articles published between 1982 and 2024 along with 3 additional texts on the pathophysiology and management of facial paralysis, were analyzed to assess the efficacy and safety of non-surgical treatments.  Results. Neuromuscular retraining has been shown to effectively reduce synkinesis and improve facial motility. Botulinum toxin yields positive outcomes in decreasing abnormal contractions and enhancing both aesthetic appearance and facial function, especially when combined with retraining. Facial fillers are also effective in correcting asymmetry and unilateral volume loss.  Conclusions. Non-surgical treatments, such as neuromuscular retraining, botulinum toxin, and facial fillers, represent effective options for the treatment of facial paralysis sequelae. A personalized approach, considering both facial anatomy and underlying pathophysiology, is essential for optimizing outcomes in these minimally invasive procedures.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Facial paralysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Synkinesis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hyperkinesis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neuromuscular retraining]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Botulinum toxin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Facial fillers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Non-surgical treatments]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Parálisis facial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sincinesias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hipercinesias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Reentrenamiento neuromuscular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Toxina botulínica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Rellenos faciales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tratamientos no quirúrgicos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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