<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1130-6343</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Farmacia Hospitalaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Farm Hosp.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1130-6343</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo Aula Médica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1130-63432018000400168</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7399/fh.10976</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A systematic review about prophylactic L-carnitine administration in parenteral nutrition of extremely preterm infants]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Revisión sistemática sobre la suplementación profiláctica de L-carnitina en la nutrición parenteral de recién nacidos pretérmino]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salguero Olid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alba]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanco Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Germán]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alonso Ojembarrena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Almudena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar Unidad de Farmacia Hospitalaria ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cádiz ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón Unidad de Farmacia Hospitalaria ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar Unidad de Neonatología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cádiz ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>168</fpage>
<lpage>173</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1130-63432018000400168&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1130-63432018000400168&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1130-63432018000400168&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective: Preterm infants with total parenteral nutrition are at particular risk of developing carnitine deficiency with impaired tolerance of parenteral lipids. The objective was to review the scientific literature on potencial benefits of prophylactic L-carnitine administration in parenteral nutrition of preterm newborns.  Methods: Selected scientific articles in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, British Library EThOS and TESEO databases were assessed for this systematic review. The terms used as descriptors were «Total Parenteral Nutrition» and «Carnitine». Jadad scale was chosen to evaluate the quality of them.  Results: 18 out of the 93 references retrieved were selected for reviewing after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 4 of them were discarded for being considered of low quality. Almost all studies agreed on the analytical variables measured (free carnitine and acylcarnitine, triglycerides, free fatty acids and ketone bodies). Other clinical variables such as weight gain, apnea, or lenght of stay at hospital were also considered.  Conclusions: The present results prove that routine supplementation in the parenteral nutrition of preterm newborns may help to increase carnitine levels, but neither a relevant improvement in the lipid profile, or an increase in weight gain, or a decrease in morbimortality or reduction of hospital stay could be demonstrated. More studies are needed in preterm infants to know whether routine supplementation of L-carnitine in neonates requiring total parenteral nutrition for a long time would provide any clinical benefit.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo: Los recién nacidos pretérmino con nutrición parenteral total tienen tanto una reducción de la ingesta de L-carnitina como de las reservas tisulares, lo que podría suponer una peor tolerancia de los lípidos paren&#8209; terales. El objetivo fue revisar la literatura científica en busca de los posibles beneficios clínicos de su administración en la nutrición parenteral.  Métodos: Revisión sistemática de los documentos recuperados en las bases de datos MEDLINE/Pubmed, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, British Library EThOS y TESEO. Los términos utilizados como descriptores fueron «Total Parenteral Nutrition» y «Carnitine». La calidad de los artículos se evaluó mediante la escala de Jadad.  Resultados: Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron para la revisión 18 artículos de las 93 referencias recuperadas, de los cuales 4 fueron descartados al no ser considerados de alta calidad. Casi la totalidad de los estudios coincidían en las variables analíticas medidas (carnitina libre y acilcarnitina, triglicéridos, ácidos grasos libres y cuerpos cetónicos). Además, en algunos se tenían en cuenta otras variables clínicas, como la ganancia ponderal o la apnea.  Conclusiones: La suplementación rutinaria en la nutrición parenteral de recién nacidos pretérmino sí parece mejorar los niveles plasmáticos de carnitina, pero sin llegar a demostrar una mejoría significativa en el perfil lipídico, ni aumento de la ganancia ponderal, ni disminución de la morbi-mortalidad o reducción de la estancia hospitalaria. Son necesarios más estudios para demostrar si la suplementación sistemática a recién nacidos pretérmino que requieren nutrición parenteral total durante más de un mes aportaría beneficios clínicos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Carnitine/deficiency]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Parenteral Nutrition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Infant]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Extremely Premature]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[L-carnitina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Suplementación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Nutrición parenteral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Recién nacido pretérmino]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Deficiencia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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