<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1134-928X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gerokomos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gerokomos]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1134-928X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Española de Enfermería Geriátrica y Gerontológica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1134-928X2021000100063</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4321/s1134-928x2021000100013</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Radiofrecuencia en la cicatrización de heridas crónicas. Una revisión en hospital de media estancia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Radiofrequency in the healing process in chronic wounds. A review in a half-stay hospital]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbas Monjo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel Ángel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velasco García Cuevas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Lastra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jesús]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuenca Zaldívar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Nicolás]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Guadarrama  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Guadarrama  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Carabobo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Valencia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Guadarrama  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Madrid  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Francisco de Vitoria  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>63</fpage>
<lpage>67</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1134-928X2021000100063&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1134-928X2021000100063&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1134-928X2021000100063&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Las heridas crónicas son un problema de salud significativo. Parece que la estimulación eléctrica produce una reducción significativamente mayor en el área de superficie y cicatrización más completa de las úlceras de difícil cicatrización y de evolución tórpida en comparación con la terapia habitual, sin vendaje compresivo.  Objetivos: Evaluar el efecto que la radiofrecuencia a baja intensidad y con efectos no térmicos tiene sobre los diferentes componentes del mecanismo del proceso de cicatrización.  Metodología: Para el tratamiento, se utilizó un dispositivo de tecarterapia (CAPENERGY C200). Se aplicaron un total de 10 sesiones de radiofrecuencia con una periodicidad de 1 vez a la semana con una potencia del 60% y una frecuencia de 1,2 MHz durante 30 minutos.  Resultados: La presencia de edema, observada en todos los pacientes en la región de la extremidad inferior, desapareció en 30 de los 36 pacientes (Wilcoxon p = 0,004). Este resultado fue confirmado por ultrasonido. El edema celular subcutáneo medio disminuyó en 1,73 cm (Friedman p = 0,000). La temperatura del área tomada antes y después del tratamiento se incrementó en un promedio de 1,4 °C. Estas diferencias son estadísticamente significativas (Wilcoxon p = 0,000).  Conclusiones: La radiofrecuencia parece que puede reducir el largo proceso de cicatrización de las lesiones de evolución tórpida, y nos encontramos con unas diferencias significativas a lo largo del tratamiento y con una reducción progresiva en las mediciones de las lesiones y mayor rapidez en la cicatrización de las heridas complejas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Chronic wounds are a significant health problem. Electrical stimulation seems to produce a significantly greater reduction in surface area and more complete healing of difficult-to-heal and poorly healing ulcers compared to standard therapy without compressive bandaging.  Objectives: To evaluate the effect that radiofrequency at low intensity and with non-thermal effects has on the different components of the mechanism of the healing process.  Methodology: A tecartherapy device (CAPENERGY C200) was used for the treatment. A total of 10 radiofrequency sessions were applied once a week with a power of 60% and a frequency of 1.2 MHz for 30 minutes.  Results: The presence of oedema, observed in all patients in the lower extremity region, disappeared in 30 of the 36 patients (Wilcoxon p = 0.004). This result was confirmed by ultrasound. The mean subcutaneous cellular oedema decreased by 1.73 cm (Friedman p = 0.000). The temperature of the area taken before and after treatment increased by an average of °C. These differences are statistically significant (Wilcoxon p = 0.000).  Conclusions: Radiofrequency appears to be able to reduce the long healing process of torpidly evolving lesions, and we found significant differences throughout the treatment and a progressive reduction in lesion measurements and faster healing of complex wounds.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Heridas crónicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[radiofrecuencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pie diabético]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chronic wounds]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Radiofrequency]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diabetic foot]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zenevicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moriguchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madureira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VSF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A religiosidade no processo de viver envelhecendo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev esc enferm USP]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>433-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lazarus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qazi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maruthur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doggett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chronic venous leg ulcer treatment: future research needs]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Wound Rep Reg]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>34-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fiebig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krusche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wolf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krawczak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Timm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nikolaus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Heritability of chronic venous disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hum Genet]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>127</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>669-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Formentini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factors that influence healing of chronic venous leg ulcers: a retrospective cohort]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[An Bras Dermatol]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>414-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glanz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klawansky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chalmers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biofeedback therapy in stroke: a review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J R Soc Med]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<page-range>33-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pelham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Powell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pressure ulcer prevalence and cost in the U.S. Population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Med Dir Assoc]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hirshberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rees]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marchant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dean]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Osteomyelitis related to pressure ulcers: the cost of neglect]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Adv Skin Wound Care]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>25-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiology of pressure sores in different populations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Decubitus]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>30-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[George]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lukas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moffett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ritz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[In-vitro mechanisms of cell proliferation induction: a novel bioactive treatment for accelerating wound healing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Wounds]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>107-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mustoe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cooter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[International clinical recommendations on scar management]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plast Reconstr Surg]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>110</volume>
<page-range>560-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levenson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Geever]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crowley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oates 3rd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The healing of rat skin wounds]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Surg]]></source>
<year>1965</year>
<volume>161</volume>
<page-range>293-308</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhawan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Elastic fibers in scar tissue]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Cutan Pathol]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>37-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waldorf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fewkes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Wound healing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Adv Dermatol]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>77-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Werner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grose]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Regulation of wound healing by growth factors and cytokines]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Physiol Rev]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<page-range>835-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Falanga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shearman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandaman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Chronic wound healing. Clinical measurement and basic science]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WB Saunders]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bollinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hofmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franzeck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[UK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Microvascular changes in venous disease: an update]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angiology]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>27-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Browse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burnard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The cause of venous ulceration]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>8292</numero>
<issue>8292</issue>
<page-range>243-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cheatle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coleridge Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scurr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The pathogenesis of skin damage in venous disease: a review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Vasc Surg]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>115-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coleridge Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thomas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scurr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dormandy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Causes of venous ulceration: a new hypothesis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br Med J]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>296</volume>
<page-range>1726-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coleridge Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The microcirculation in venous hypertension]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cardiovasc Res]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>789-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Falanga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eaglstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The trap hypothesis of venous ulceration]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>341</volume>
<page-range>1006-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Second European Consensus Document on Chronic Critical Leg Ischemia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Circulation]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<numero>Suppl 4</numero>
<issue>Suppl 4</issue>
<page-range>1-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González de la Torre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mosquera Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintana Lorenzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perdomo Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintana Montesdeoca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clasificaciones de lesiones en pie diabético: Un problema no resuelto]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gerokomos]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>75-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ieran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaffuto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bagnacani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Annovi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moratti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cadossi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of low frequency pulsing electromagnetic fields on skin ulcers of venous origin in humans: a double-blind study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Orthopedic Res]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>276-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stiller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shupack]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kenny]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lorrie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A portable pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) device to enhance healing of recalcitrant venous ulcers: a double blind, placebocontrolled clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Dermatol]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>127</volume>
<page-range>147-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lawrence]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Physiology of the acute wound]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Plast Surg]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>321-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bioelectric mechanisms in regeneration: unique aspects and future perspectives]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Semin Cell Dev Biol]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<page-range>543-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nuccitelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A role for endogenous electric fields in wound healing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Top Dev Biol]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<page-range>1-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maklebust]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodeheaver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bartolucci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sussman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing: Derivation and Validation of the PUSH Tool]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Adv Wound Care]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>96-101</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chapman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dubner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Foley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gracely]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reading]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pain measurement: an overview]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pain]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>1-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spence]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murphy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Review of pain-measurement tools]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Emerg Med]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>427-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meehan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McRae]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rourke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eisenring]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Imperial]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Analgesic administration, pain intensity, and patient satisfaction in cardiac surgical patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Crit Care]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>435-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Terai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yukioka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Asada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pain evaluation in the intensive care unit: observer-reported faces scale compared with self-reported visual analog scale]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reg Anesth Pain Med]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>147-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reips]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Funke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interval level measurement with visual analogue scales in Internet-based research: VAS Generator]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Behav Res Methods]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<page-range>699-704</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cañedo-Dorantes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Cantú]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Healing of chronic arterial and venous leg ulcers through systemic effects of electromagnetic fields [corrected]]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Med Res]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>281-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cicerone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Alternating current electric field effects on neural stem cell viability and differentiation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biotechnol Prog]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>664-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pesce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patruno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Speranza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field and wound healing: implication of cytokines as biological mediators]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Cytokine Netw]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Birlea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Norris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trends in wound repair: cellular and molecular basis of regenerative therapy using electro-magnetic fields]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Mol Med]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>14-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Non-thermal electromagnetic fields: from first messenger to therapeutic applications]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Electromagn Biol Med]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>123-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sheikh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AQ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taghian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hemingway]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kogan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Narmoneva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Regulation of endothelial MAPK/ERK signaling and capillary morphogenesis by low-amplitude electric field]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J R Soc Interface]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>10</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>41</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sunkari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aranovitch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Portwood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nikoshkov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of a low-intensity electromagnetic field on fibroblast migration and proliferation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Electromagn Biol Med]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>80-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
