<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1135-5727</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Española de Salud Pública]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Esp. Salud Publica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1135-5727</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Sanidad]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1135-57272016000100306</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El impuesto sobre bebidas azucaradas en España]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Tax on Sugar Sweetened Beverages in Spain]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortún]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vicente]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Valcárcel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Beatriz G]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jaime]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Pompeu Fabra Centro de Investigación en Economía y Salud (CRES) Departamento de Economía y Empresa]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos en Economía y Gestión ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Las Palmas de Gran Canaria ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>90</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1135-57272016000100306&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1135-57272016000100306&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1135-57272016000100306&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Este artículo aporta una revisión crítica acerca de los retos a los que se enfrentan los impuestos sobre las bebidas azucaradas como instrumento de políticas de salud, para revertir la tendencia epidémica de la obesidad. Se valoran las experiencias de los países más significados, en particular México, y se reflexiona sobre el contrapeso que ejerce la industria a las políticas antiobesidad y el poder de los lobbies. Esas políticas impositivas en pro de la salud pública han de sobreponerse a la enorme fuerza de la industria, que es ejercida en varios niveles -ciencia e investigación, reputación de marca, influencia en reguladores-. Se sugiere que un impuesto específico sobre bebidas azucaradas tiene bastante potencial para reducir enfermedades no transmisibles y riesgos -diabetes mellitus, hipertrigliceridemia, lipoproteínas de baja densidad, hipetensión diastólica-, a través de la reducción del consumo, al ser alta la elasticidad del precio de estas bebidas. Además, los efectos incluso se amplifican a medio plazo, una vez establecidos nuevos hábitos de consumo más saludable. Los impuestos podrían fomentar la innovación empresarial sin infligir costes de pérdida de empleos y contribuirían a reducir el gradiente social de la obesidad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT This article provides a critical review about the challenges that taxes on sugary drinks as an instrument of health policy must face to reverse the trend of the current epidemics of obesity. We analyzed the experiences of the leading countries, particularly Mexico, and reflect on the counterweight exerted by the industry against obesity policies, and on the power of lobbyists. Those tax policies for public health have to overcome the enormous strength of the industry, which is exerted in several-science and research, brand reputation, influence on regulators-levels. We suggest that a specific tax on sugary drinks has enough potential to reduce noncommunicable diseases and risk -diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, lipoproteins, LDL, blood pressure- via reduced consumption thanks to the high price elasticity of those drinks. Furthermore, the effects are amplified even in the medium term, once established new habits to healthier eating. These taxes could encourage business innovation without inflicting costs of lost jobs and contribute to reducing the social gradient in obesity.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Políticas públicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sobrepeso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Obesidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bebidas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hipertrigliceridemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Colesterol LDL]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hipertensión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diabetes mellitus tipo 2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Impuestos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[España]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Public Policy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Overweight]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Obesity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Beverages]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hyperglycemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hypertriglyceridemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cholesterol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[LDL]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hypertension]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diabetes Mellitus Type 2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Taxes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spain]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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