<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1139-7632</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Pediatría Atención Primaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Pediatr Aten Primaria]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1139-7632</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Española de Pediatría de Atención Primaria]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1139-76322016000300004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Hallazgos clínicos inusuales en un brote de escarlatina]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Unusual clinical findings in an outbreak of scarlet fever]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría y Neonatología Málaga-Este. Axarquía Centro de Salud Vélez-Sur ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Málaga]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría y Neonatología Málaga-Este. Axarquía Centro de Salud Vélez-Sur ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Málaga]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Unidad de Gestión Clínica Vélez-Málaga Sur. Área de Gestión Sanitaria Este de Málaga. Axarquía Centro de Salud Vélez-Sur ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Málaga]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>71</numero>
<fpage>231</fpage>
<lpage>241</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1139-76322016000300004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1139-76322016000300004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1139-76322016000300004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción: la escarlatina es una enfermedad infecciosa producida por Streptococcus pyogenes que produce un cuadro característico de faringoamigdalitis y exantema. Su diagnóstico suele ser fácil, pero los casos atípicos pueden pasar desapercibidos o ser confundidos con otros cuadros.  Pacientes y método: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los casos de escarlatina en la población pediátrica adscrita a un centro de salud en la temporada 2013/2014. Describimos la epidemiología, las características clínicas, las pruebas microbiológicas, el tratamiento y la presencia de recidivas.  Resultados: se obtuvieron 91 casos, resultando una incidencia de 3,2%, de los que 76 fueron confirmados microbiológicamente con test rápido o cultivo. La edad media fue 4,15 años. Los principales motivos de consulta fueron "fiebre y dolor de garganta" y "fiebre y erupción cutánea". Las alteraciones faríngeas más frecuentes fueron la hiperemia y petequias en paladar, y en pocos pacientes se encontró exudado amigdalar. Casi un 40% de pacientes tenían síntomas catarrales, 71 pacientes presentaban un exantema típico, y 20 uno atípico. La mayoría se trató con amoxicilina o penicilina durante diez días; 15 pacientes tuvieron recidivas.  Conclusiones: de los datos obtenidos destacan el gran número de casos, la presencia de síntomas catarrales y la poca frecuencia de exudado amigdalar. Fue llamativa la variabilidad de los exantemas con hallazgos como eritrodermia extensa, urticaria, exantema macular, petequias en localizaciones atípicas y edema facial y de miembros. El test rápido en Atención Primaria permite, por su utilidad, el diagnóstico de casos dudosos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction: scarlet fever is an infectious disease caused by Streptococcus pyogenes that manifests as a typical pharyngoamigdalitis and exanthema. Its diagnosis is usually easy, but atypical cases may go unnoticed.  Patients and methodology: retrospective descriptive study of pediatric population assigned to a Primary Care center a health centre between 2013/2014. We define the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, microbiological tests, treat ment and appearance of relapses.  Results: 91 cases, resulting in an incidence of 3.2% of which 76 were confirmed microbiologically with a rapid test or culture. The average age was 4,15 years. The main reasons for consultation were "fever and sore throat" and "fever and rash". The most common alterations were pharyingeal hyper emia and petechiae on the palate and in a few patients we found tonsillar exudate. Almost 40% of patients had catarrhal symptoms. 71 patients showed a typical exanthema and 20 of them an atypical one. Most of them were treated with amoxicillin or penicillin for 10 days. 15 patients had recurrence.  Conclusions: from the data obtained it is important to highlight the large amount of cases, the presence of catarrhal symptoms and the infrequency of tonsillar exudates. It was remarkable the variability of recurrences with findings such as extensive erythroderma, urticaria, macular rashes, atypically placed petechiae and facial and member edema. The rapid test on primary care units allows diagnosis on doubtful cases.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[de detección rápida]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Exantema]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Streptococcus pyogenes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Niños]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Escarlatina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antigen detection testing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Exanthema]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Streptococcus pyogenes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Children]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Scarlet fever.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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