<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1139-7632</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Pediatría Atención Primaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Pediatr Aten Primaria]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1139-7632</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Española de Pediatría de Atención Primaria]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1139-76322021000100002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Manifestaciones orales y dentales del maltrato infantil]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Oral and dental manifestations of child abuse]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliván Gonzalvo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gonzalo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parte Serna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro Carlos de la]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Gobierno de Aragón Instituto Aragonés de Servicios Sociales Servicios de Pediatría y Adolescencia]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Zaragoza ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Zaragoza Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Huesca ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>89</numero>
<fpage>15</fpage>
<lpage>23</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1139-76322021000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1139-76322021000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1139-76322021000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[ Introducción: el objetivo de este estudio es revisar las manifestaciones orales y dentales del maltrato infantil.  Material y métodos: estudio de revisión sistemática siguiendo directrices PRISMA. Se realizaron dos estrategias de búsqueda con términos MeSH en la base de datos Medline/PubMed desde el 1/1/2000 hasta el 31/12/2019.  Resultados: 26 artículos fueron incluidos. El 65,4% se publicaron en revistas de Odontología y el 16% en las de Pediatría. Todas las lesiones orales y dentales por abuso físico son sospechosas, pero ninguna patognomónica. Deben distinguirse de las accidentales, comunes en la edad pediátrica. Para ello, es necesario observar la existencia de indicadores físicos de especial sospecha. Todas las enfermedades orales y dentales por negligencia son sugerentes, pero ninguna patognomónica. Por ello, es necesario observar si existen factores considerados como necesarios para establecer el diagnóstico de negligencia dental, problemas de salud derivados de una negligencia crónica, y otros indicadores de abuso físico o sexual. Las infecciones orales por Neisseria gonorrhoeae y Treponema pallidum son patognomónicas de abuso sexual. Todas las demás lesiones y enfermedades orales son sospechosas o sugerentes.  Conclusiones: las lesiones y enfermedades por abusos y negligencia infantil se manifiestan con frecuencia en la región oral e intraoral. Es fundamental que los pediatras y los odontólogos tengan conciencia del problema, estén formados en su detección, y conozcan cuándo y cómo documentar y notificar. Tales esfuerzos, así como el trabajo en común de dichos profesionales, fortalecerán la capacidad de prevenir y detectar el maltrato infantil y mejorar la capacidad de cuidar y proteger a los niños.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ Introduction: the objective of the study was to review the oral and dental manifestations of child abuse.  Material and methods: we performed a systematic review study following the PRISMA guidelines. We performed 2 searches using MeSH terms in the Medline/PubMed database for the period ranging from 1/1/2000 to 12/31/2019.  Results: the review included 26 articles, of which 65.4% were published in dental journals and 16% in paediatric journals. All oral and dental injuries caused by physical abuse raise suspicion, but none are pathognomonic. They must be distinguished from unintentional injuries, which are common in the paediatric population. To do so, the presence of physical signs considered strong warning signs must be assessed. All oral and dental diseases resulting from neglect are suggestive but not confirmatory of neglect. Therefore, it is necessary to assess whether there are factors considered necessary to diagnose dental neglect, such as other health problems arising from chronic neglect or other indicators of physical and/or sexual abuse. Oral infections by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Treponema pallidum are pathognomonic for sexual abuse. All other oral injuries and diseases are considered suspicious or suggestive.  Conclusions: injuries and diseases resulting from child abuse or neglect frequently manifest the oral and intraoral regions. It is essential that paediatricians and dentists be aware of the problem, trained in its detection, and knowledgeable of when and how to document and notify suspected cases. These efforts, as well as the overall work of these professionals, will increase our ability to prevent and detect child maltreatment and to protect and care for children.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Abuso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Abuso sexual]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedades bucales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Lesiones dentales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Maltrato infantil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Negligencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Abuse]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Child abuse]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mouth diseases]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neglect]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sexual abuse]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tooth injuries]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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