<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1139-7632</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Pediatría Atención Primaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Pediatr Aten Primaria]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1139-7632</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Española de Pediatría de Atención Primaria]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1139-76322022000400002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Ondansetrón para el control de vómitos asociados a gastritis y gastroenteritis aguda en urgencias de Pediatría: uso, abuso y buen uso]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ondansetron for the control of vomiting associated with acute gastritis/gastroenteritis in Pediatric Emergencies: use, abuse and appropriate use]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Marín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alicia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lloret-Ferrándiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Germán]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Ab"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-de Dios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Ab "/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Af3"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Miguel Hernández Facultad de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Alicante ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Universitario de Alicante Servicio de Pediatría ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Alicante ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A2b">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Alicante ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Universitario de Alicante Servicio de Pediatría ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Alicante ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A3b">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Miguel Hernández Alicante Facultad de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Alicante ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>96</numero>
<fpage>351</fpage>
<lpage>361</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1139-76322022000400002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1139-76322022000400002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1139-76322022000400002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: El ondansetrón es un antiemético ampliamente utilizado en la práctica clínica para el control de vómitos asociados a gastritis y/o gastroenteritis aguda en niños. Sin embargo, la evidencia disponible es controvertida, sus indicaciones no están claramente definidas y no existe una unanimidad de uso en las guías de práctica clínica.  Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de cohortes retrospectivo en el que se incluyó un total de 825 niños entre 0 y 14 años con vómitos asociados a gastritis y/o gastroenteritis aguda que acudieron a Urgencias de Pediatría de un hospital terciario durante el año 2019. Se analizó la asociación entre el uso de ondansetrón y la necesidad de rehidratación intravenosa, las hospitalizaciones, el tiempo de permanencia en Urgencias y las nuevas consultas a Urgencias dentro de las 72 horas posteriores.  Resultados: De la muestra estudiada, el 38,8% de los pacientes recibieron ondansetrón. La administración de ondansetrón redujo el riesgo de ingreso (OR 0,19; IC 95%: 0,04-0,84) y disminuyó el tiempo de permanencia en Urgencias (p= 0,000). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la reducción de la necesidad de rehidratación intravenosa (OR 0,65; IC 95%: 0,40-1,05) ni en las nuevas visitas a Urgencias dentro de las 72 horas siguientes (OR 1,38; IC 95%: 0,82-2,31).  Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados sugieren que el uso de ondansetrón podría ser beneficioso en niños mayores de 6 meses con vómitos asociados a gastritis y/o gastroenteritis aguda y que presenten deshidratación de leve a moderada.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Ondansetron is an antiemetic widely used in clinical practice for the control of vomiting associated with gastritis and/or acute gastroenteritis in children. However, the available evidence about its use is controversial, its directions for use are not clearly defined and there is no unanimity on its use in clinical practice guidelines.  Methodology: We performed a retrospective cohort study which included a total of 825 children between 0 and 14 years, who presented symptoms of vomiting associated with gastritis and/or acute gastroenteritis and attended the Pediatric Emergency Department of a tertiary hospital in 2019. The association between the use of ondansetron and the need for intravenous rehydration, hospitalisation, length of stay in the Pediatric Emergency Department and return visits to the emergency department within 72 hours was analysed.  Results: Of the sample studied, 38.7% of the patients received ondansetron. The administration of ondansetron reduced the risk of hospital admission (OR 0.19; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.84) and decreased the length of stay in the emergency department (p = 0.000). No significant differences were found in reducing the need for intravenous rehydration (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.40 to 1.05) or in return visits to emergency department within 3 days (OR 1.38; 95% CI 0.82-2.31).  Conclusions: Our results suggest that the use of ondansetron could be beneficial in children older than 6 months with vomiting associated with gastritis and/or acute gastroenteritis and with mild-to-moderate dehydration.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Gastroenteritis aguda]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Niños]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ondansetrón]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vómitos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Acute gastroenteritis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Children]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ondansetron]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vomiting]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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