<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1139-7632</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Pediatría Atención Primaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Pediatr Aten Primaria]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1139-7632</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Española de Pediatría de Atención Primaria]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1139-76322023000100017</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Los trastornos depresivos de la infancia y la adolescencia. Principales signos de alerta. Orientación para el tratamiento]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Depressive disorders of childhood and adolescence. Main warning signs. Guidance for treatment]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oteíza-Collante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Macarena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iría]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santamarina-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pilar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Soledad]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Ab"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Barcelona Hospital Clínico Servicio de Psiquiatría y Psicología Infantil y Juvenil]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Mutua de Terrassa Servicio de Psiquiatría ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Clínico Servicio de Psiquiatría y Psicología Infantil y Juvenil ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Clínico Servicio de Psiquiatría y Psicología Infantil y Juvenil ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A4b">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Carlos III Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>97</numero>
<fpage>83</fpage>
<lpage>93</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1139-76322023000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1139-76322023000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1139-76322023000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[ Resumen La depresión ha dejado de ser una enfermedad solo de adultos para presentarse cada vez más frecuentemente en niños y adolescentes, muy especialmente en la última década. Este diagnóstico puede llegar a ser un problema severo y de larga duración, que puede interferir en todos los aspectos del desarrollo del menor, su familia y su comunidad. El presente trabajo consiste en una revisión bibliográfica y actualizada sobre la depresión infanto-juvenil para facilitar su detección precoz desde los servicios de Pediatría en Atención Primaria y su derivación para el tratamiento precoz en los equipos de salud mental infanto-juvenil. Primero, presentamos los factores de vulnerabilidad y los factores de protección; luego, los síntomas y criterios diagnósticos para cada etapa del desarrollo, así como herramientas para el diagnóstico diferencial. Por último, se revisan brevemente los tratamientos basados en la evidencia disponibles y cómo intervenir en cada nivel de gravedad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ Abstract Depression has ceased to be an illness only for adults, to appear more and more frequently in children and adolescents, especially in the last decade. This diagnosis can become a severe and long-lasting problem, which can interfere in all aspects of the development of the child, his family, and his community. The present work consists of a bibliographic and updated review on child and adolescent depression to facilitate the early detection at the pediatric primary services, and early derivation for treatment at the child and adolescent mental health services. First, we present the risk factors and protective factors that may signal populations-at-risk; then, the main symptoms and the diagnostic criteria for each stage of development, as well as tools for differential diagnosis. Finally, we briefly review the evidence-based treatments at each level of severity.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Depresión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Depresión infantil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Depresión juvenil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Childhood depression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Depression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Youth depression]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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