<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1578-2549</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Archivos de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Arch Prev Riesgos Labor]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1578-2549</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Societat Catalana de Salut Laboral y Asociación de Medicina del Trabajo de la Comunidad Valenciana]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1578-25492022000200006</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12961/aprl.2022.25.02.06</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Datos y evidencias del teletrabajo, antes y durante la pandemia por COVID-19]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Telework: Data and evidence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benavides]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando G]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva-Peñaherrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universitat Pompeu Fabra Centro de Investigación en Salud Laboral ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Observatorio Iberoamericano de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>133</fpage>
<lpage>146</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1578-25492022000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1578-25492022000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1578-25492022000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este breve ensayo parte de la hipótesis de que el teletrabajo no es nada más, y nada menos, que la manifestación de un anunciado cambio de época, del cual la pandemia está actuando como acelerador. Un cambio de época definida por un nuevo espacio económico y laboral, además de social, que es el ciberespacio, que profundiza en la digitalización de la economía y la flexibilización del mercado de trabajo. El teletrabajo es un resultado esperado en esta nueva realidad. La pandemia ha incrementado exponencialmente esta nueva forma de organización del trabajo, definida como el trabajo realizado en domicilio utilizando equipos electrónicos. Desde una perspectiva global, la OIT ha estimado, en base a las encuestas de hogares de 31 países realizadas en el segundo trimestre de 2020, que el 17,4% de las personas ocupadas de todo el mundo, unos 557 millones, trabajaron en ese periodo en sus domicilios, oscilando entre el 25,4% en los países de renta alta y el 13,6% en los países de renta baja. Para América Latina, el teletrabajo se elevó entre a un 25-30% en el segundo trimestre de 2020, y en Europa, Eurofound, en el mes de abril de 2020, estimó que el 37% de los participantes había empezado a trabajar en el domicilio con el inicio de la pandemia. Todo lo cual ha permitido mantener cierta actividad económica y la relación laboral de estas personas durante la pandemia. Asimismo, no hay que olvidar que la pandemia ha provocado también enormes pérdidas de empleo, especialmente durante el segundo trimestre de 2020, en que según las estimaciones de la OIT se perdieron más de 300 millones de empleos a jornada completa. Unas pérdidas de empleos que en el segundo trimestre de 2021 aún no se han recuperado respecto a los niveles anteriores a la pandemia. En este sentido, no hay que olvidar que el teletrabajo no crea nuevas ocupaciones, solo proporciona una nueva forma de organizar el trabajo para aquellas ocupaciones cuyas tareas pueden realizarse virtualmente. En el momento de elaboración de este artículo, después de un año de restricciones en la actividad económica, la movilidad y la interacción social, las encuestas que ha continuado realizando Eurofound muestran que el teletrabajo exclusivo, todos los días de la semana, está disminuyendo en el conjunto de la Unión europea, desde el 34% en verano de 2020 al 24% en la primavera de 2021. Dado que la pandemia aún no ha finalizado, y que no sabemos cómo acabará este "experimento", debemos continuar monitorizando estos cambios en la manera de trabajar, y cómo afectan al mercado de trabajo y a las condiciones de empleo y trabajo. Hasta donde sabemos, el teletrabajo ofrece grandes ventajas, pero también importantes inconvenientes, respecto a las condiciones de trabajo y empleo, las cuales pueden afectar a la salud de la persona que teletrabaja, positiva o negativamente. La regulación del teletrabajo es un elemento clave de la regulación de la economía digital basada en el ciberespacio, y debe tener un alcance global.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This short essay starts from the hypothesis that teleworking is nothing more, and nothing less, than the manifestation of an announced change of time, of which the pandemic is acting as an accelerator. A change of era defined by a new economic and labor space that is cyberspace, which deepens the digitization of the economy and the flexibilization of the labor market. Teleworking is an expected result in this new reality. The pandemic has exponentially increased this new form of work organization, defined as work done at home using electronic equipment. From a global perspective, the ILO has estimated, based on household surveys of 31 countries carried out in the second quarter of 2020, that 17.4% of the employed people worldwide, some 557 million, worked in that sector. period in their homes, ranging from 25.4% in high-income countries to 13.6% in low-income countries. For Latin America, teleworking rose between 25-30% in the second quarter of 2020, and in Europe, Eurofound, in April 2020, estimated that 37% of participants had started working at home with the onset of the pandemic. All of which has made it possible to maintain certain economic activity and the employment relationship of these people during the pandemic. Likewise, it should not be forgotten that the pandemic has also caused huge job losses, especially during the second quarter of 2020, when, according to ILO estimates, more than 300 million full-time jobs were lost. Job losses that as of the 2nd quarter of 2021 have not yet recovered from pre-pandemic levels. In this sense, it should not be forgotten that teleworking does not create new occupations, it only provides a new way of organizing work for those occupations whose tasks can be performed virtually. At the time of writing this article, after a year of restrictions on economic activity, mobility and social interaction, the surveys that Eurofound has continued to carry out show that exclusive teleworking, every day of the week, is decreasing in the whole of the European Union, from 34% in summer 2020 (second round) to 24% in spring 2021 (third round). Given that the pandemic has not yet ended, and we do not know how the "experiment" will end, we must continue to monitor these changes in the way of working, and how they affect the labor market and employment and working conditions. As far as we know, teleworking offers great advantages, but also important disadvantages, with respect to working and employment conditions, which can, positively or negatively, affect the health of the teleworker. Telework regulation is a key element of cyberspace-based regulation of the digital economy, and it must be a global issue.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[teletrabajo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[condiciones de trabajo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salud laboral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[teleworking]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[occupational health]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[working conditions]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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