<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1699-695X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Clínica de Medicina de Familia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Clin Med Fam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1699-695X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Española de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1699-695X2025000500324</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55783/rcmf.180404</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Impacto de la contaminación ambiental en las exacerbaciones respiratorias y eventos cardiovasculares en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Impact of Environmental Pollution on Respiratory Exacerbations and Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. A Retrospective Cohort Study]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Planchuelo Calatayud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuixart Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lluís]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brotons Cuixart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Institut de Recerca Sant Pau EAP Dreta Eixample CAP Roger de Flor]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Institut de Recerca Sant Pau EAP Dreta Eixample CAP Roger de Flor]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Institut de Recerca Sant Pau EAP Sardenya ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>324</fpage>
<lpage>330</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1699-695X2025000500324&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1699-695X2025000500324&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1699-695X2025000500324&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción. La contaminación ambiental es un factor de riesgo modificable para las exacerbaciones respiratorias y eventos cardiovasculares en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). Este estudio compara la incidencia de estas complicaciones en un año de alta contaminación (2017) frente a un año de baja contaminación (2021).  Métodos. Estudio observacional analítico de cohortes retrospectivo. Se incluyeron 150 pacientes con EPOC (75 en 2017 y 75 en 2021). Se analizaron exacerbaciones respiratorias y eventos cardiovasculares, así como variables demográficas y comorbilidades.  Resultados. En 2017, el 41,3% de los pacientes presentaron exacerbaciones respiratorias (intervalo de confianza [IC] 95%: 30,9-52,6%), frente al 25,3% en 2021 (IC 95%: 16,9-36,2%; p = 0,038). La gravedad de las exacerbaciones fue mayor en 2017, con más visitas a urgencias (12,0%, IC 95%: 6,4-21,3% vs. 2,67%, IC 95%: 0,7-9,2%; p = 0,028) y hospitalizaciones (9,3%, IC 95%: 4,6-18,0% vs. 1,3%, IC95%: 0,2-7,2%; p = 0,029). No se observaron diferencias significativas en eventos cardiovasculares (13,3%, IC 95%: 7,4-22,8% en 2017 vs. 8,0%, IC 95%: 3,7-16,4% en 2021; p = 0,29).  Conclusiones. La contaminación ambiental se asocia con un mayor riesgo de exacerbaciones respiratorias en pacientes con EPOC. Estos hallazgos refuerzan la necesidad de políticas públicas para mejorar la calidad del aire.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: Environmental pollution is a modifiable risk factor for respiratory exacerbations and cardiovascular events in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study compares the incidence of these complications in a year of high pollution (2017) versus a year of low pollution (2021).  Methods: A retrospective analytical observational cohort study was performed. A total of 150 COPD patients were included (75 patients both in 2017 and 2021). Respiratory exacerbations and cardiovascular events were analyzed, along with demographic variables and comorbidities.  Results: In 2017, 41.3% of patients experienced respiratory exacerbations (95% CI: 30.9%-52.6%), compared to 25.3% in 2021 (95% CI: 16.9%-36.2%) (P=0.038). The severity of exacerbations was higher in 2017, with more visits to casualty (12.0%, 95% CI: 6.4%-21.3% vs. 2.67%, 95% CI: 0.7%-9.2%; P=0.028) and hospitalizations (9.3%, 95% CI: 4.6%-18.0% vs. 1.3%, 95% CI: 0.2%-7.2%; P=0.029). No statistically significant differences were observed in cardiovascular events (13.3%, 95% CI: 7.4%-22.8% in 2017 vs. 8.0%, 95% CI: 3.7%-16.4% in 2021; P=0.29).  Conclusions: Environmental pollution is associated with a higher risk of respiratory exacerbations in COPD patients. These findings underscore the need for public policies to improve air quality.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[contaminación ambiental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[exacerbaciones respiratorias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[eventos cardiovasculares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[calidad del aire]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[air quality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cardiovascular events]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Environmental pollution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[respiratory exacerbations]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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