<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1885-642X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Pharmacy Practice (Granada)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Pharmacy Pract (Granada)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1885-642X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigaciones y Publicaciones Farmacéuticas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1885-642X2018000200008</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18549/pharmpract.2018.02.1172</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[What drives using antibiotic without prescriptions? A qualitative interview study of university students in United Arab Emirates]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Kubaisi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Khalid A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Ste Croix]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mark]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Don]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ellis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Liz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharif]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Suleiman I]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abduelkarem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Abduelmula R]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Gloucestershire  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cheltenham ]]></addr-line>
<country>United Kingdom</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Gloucestershire  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cheltenham ]]></addr-line>
<country>United Kingdom</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Worcester St John&#8217;s Campus ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Worcester ]]></addr-line>
<country>United Kingdom</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Gloucestershire School of Health and Social Care ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cheltenham ]]></addr-line>
<country>United Kingdom</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Sharjah College of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Sharjah ]]></addr-line>
<country>United Arab Emirates</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Sharjah College of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Sharjah ]]></addr-line>
<country>United Arab Emirates</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1885-642X2018000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1885-642X2018000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1885-642X2018000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is considered as natural phenomenon that occurs over the time due to genetic changes. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is significantly increasing in the UAE. Self-medication with antibiotics has been identified as a major factor for the development of antibiotic resistance, which is significantly increasing in the UAE.  Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the factors that contribute to the use of antibiotics without prescriptions among first year healthcare university students in UAE.  Methods: Based on the findings of an earlier survey study, a qualitative interview study was designed to explore common themes related to student&#8217;s knowledge, awareness, attitude, views, and perceptions. Data were analyzed thematically for the identification of themes and subthemes within the data through the use of coding.  Results: The interview study identified four main themes with multiple subthemes related to the use of antibiotics without a physician&#8217;s prescription by first-year healthcare students. The thematic analysis of the interviews revealed four main themes; medication habits and practices; reasons for self-medication; access to antibiotics without a prescription and gaps in students&#8217; knowledge regarding antibiotic resistance  Conclusions: Healthcare students in UAE are influenced by several factors including parents and friends influence, successful previous experience and investment of time and money to visit a physician. Our sample of healthcare students has a misconception about the use of antibiotics. The current interview study identified six new reasons for using antibiotics without prescriptions as compared to our earlier survey study. There is a need of multifaceted strategies to decrease unnecessary antibiotic use in our population sample.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Anti-Bacterial Agents]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Self Medication]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Students]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Health Occupations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Drug Resistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bacterial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Attitude of Health Personnel]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Prescription Drug Misuse]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Qualitative Research]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[United Arab Emirates]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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