<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1887-8571</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Sanidad Militar]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Sanid. Mil.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1887-8571</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Defensa]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1887-85712021000400223</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4321/s1887-857120210004000010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Expectativas y realidades de las operaciones militares. Consecuencias psicológicas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Expectations and realities of military operations. Psychological consequences]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Donoso-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Estado Mayor de la Defensa (EMAD)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>77</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>223</fpage>
<lpage>228</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1887-85712021000400223&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1887-85712021000400223&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1887-85712021000400223&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN: La participación española en misiones militares en el exterior ha supuesto en las últimas décadas, una faceta fundamental en la política de seguridad y defensa así como un modo de ejercer nuestra presencia e influencia internacionales. Muchas de estas misiones llamadas de paz conllevan un cambio de enfoque respecto a las tradicionales de la milicia, poniendo de manifiesto valores y competencias específicas, y exigiendo unas expectativas, tanto del soldado como de la sociedad, lo más ajustadas posible a la realidad de la misión, ya sea de combate o de paz. Los desajustes entre expectativas y realidades en las misiones militares conllevan, entre otros, posibles problemas de tipo psicológico. Para minimizar estas consecuencias son precisas actuaciones del mando antes, durante y después del despliegue, que abarcan la preparación psicológica, el apoyo social y familiar, el ejercicio del liderazgo, la comunicación eficaz y la reducción del estigma, entre otras.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT: In last decades, Spanish participation in military missions abroad has had a fundamental role on security and defence policy. It has also been a way of exercising our international presence and influence. Many of these so-called peace missions involve a change of aim with respect to the traditional ones of militia, highlighting specific values and skills, and demanding expectations, both from soldiers and society, as adjusted as possible to the reality of the military missions, be it in combat or in peacetime. Inconsistencies between expectations and realities in military missions can lead to psychological problems. To minimize these consequences, actions by commanders are required (before, during and after deployments). Among them are psychological preparation, social and family support, effective leadership, communication skills, and associated stigma decreased.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Preparación psicológica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[expectativas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estigma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estrés de combate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estrés operacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Psychological preparation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[expectations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[stigma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[combat stress]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[operational stress]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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