<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1887-8571</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Sanidad Militar]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Sanid. Mil.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1887-8571</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Defensa]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1887-85712025000100010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Manejo de los pacientes alérgicos a penicilina]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Approach to patients allergic to penicillin]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernaola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alonso-Vila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez-Fuertes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domingo-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Avellaneda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Umpiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla Servicio de Alergología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla Servicio de Alergología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>53</fpage>
<lpage>56</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1887-85712025000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1887-85712025000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1887-85712025000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La alergia a penicilina es la consulta más frecuente dentro del campo de la alergia medicamentosa. Sin embargo, tras la realización de un estudio dirigido por especialistas con pruebas cutáneas y prueba de exposición controlada, menos del 5 % de los casos sospechosos se confirma que son verdaderamente alérgicos. Esto subraya la importancia de eliminar el etiquetado de estos pacientes, ya que un diagnóstico erróneo puede tener implicaciones para la salud pública y personal.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Penicillin allergy is the most frequent consultation within the field of drug allergy. However, following a specialist&#8209;led study with skin testing and controlled exposure testing, less than 5 % of suspected cases are confirmed to be truly allergic, this underlines the urgency of eliminating labeling of these patients, as misdiagnosis can have public and personal health implications.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Penicilina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cefalosporinas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Betalactámicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Desetiquetar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Reactividad cruzada]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Resistencias microbianas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Penicillin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cephalosporins]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Beta-lactams]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Delabeling]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cross-reactivity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Microbial resistance]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>CDC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Is it Really a Penicillin Allergy?]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanca-Lopez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Atanaskovic-Markovic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ER]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kidon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuyucu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An EAACI Task Force report on allergy to beta-lactams in children: Clinical entities and diagnostic procedures]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Allergy Immunol]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1426-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ER]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demoly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiology of hypersensitivity drug reactions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>309-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solensky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Allergy to b-lactam antibiotics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Allergy Clin Immunol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>130</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1442-1442.e5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castells]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Phillips]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Penicillin allergy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>381</volume>
<numero>24</numero>
<issue>24</issue>
<page-range>2338-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holtzer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kivity]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The economic burden of antibiotic treatment of penicillin-allergic patients in internal medicine wards of a general tertiary care hospital]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Exp Allergy]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>501-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernaola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reacciones Adversas en Alergología. Alergia a fármacos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Farmacovigilancia]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Servicio Editorial Universidad del País Vasco]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernaola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales-Cabeza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibáñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[De-labeling Penicillin Allergy in Pediatric Population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Treat Options Allergy]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>234-49</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernaola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Del Río]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[De-labelling of beta-lactam allergy in children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Exp Allergy]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>485-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pichichero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zagursky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Penicillin and cephalosporin allergy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>112</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>404-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Broyles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Banerji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barmettler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Biggs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blumenthal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brennan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Practical Guidance for the Evaluation and Management of Drug Hypersensitivity: Specific Drugs]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>9S</numero>
<issue>9S</issue>
<page-range>S16-S116</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Audicana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernaola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urrutia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echechipia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gastaminza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Allergic reactions to betalactams: studies in a group of patients allergic to penicillin and evaluation of cross-reactivity with cephalosporin]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Allergy]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>108-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Atanaskovic-Markovic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbaud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bircher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brockow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caubet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Towards a more precise diagnosis of hypersensitivity to beta-lactams - an EAACI position paper]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Allergy]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1300-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valluzzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caruso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maggioletti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quaratino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaeta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cross-Reactivity and Tolerability of Cephalosporins in Patients with IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity to Penicillins]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1662-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
