<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1889-836X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Osteoporosis y Metabolismo Mineral]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Osteoporos Metab Miner]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1889-836X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Española de Investigaciones Óseas y Metabolismo Mineral]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1889-836X2021000100002</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4321/s1889-836x2021000100002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Hipercalcemia en pacientes con artritis reumatoide: un estudio retrospectivo]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Hypercalcemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a retrospective study]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cordoba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aa "/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Af0"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Unzueta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riancho-Zarrabeitia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aa "/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Af0"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A04"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corrales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aa "/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Af0"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Taboada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aa "/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Af0"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riancho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aa "/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Af0"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1a">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla Servicio de Medicina Interna ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santander ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A1b">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL)-Universidad de Cantabria Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santander ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla Servicio de Análisis Clínicos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santander ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A3a">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla Servicio de Reumatología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santander ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A3b">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Cantabria-IDIVAL Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santander ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A04">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Sierrallana Servicio de Reumatología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Torrelavega ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>5</fpage>
<lpage>9</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1889-836X2021000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1889-836X2021000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1889-836X2021000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo Investigar la prevalencia de hipercalcemia en pacientes con artritis reumatoide (AR) y analizar las características clínicas y las causas de la hipercalcemia.  Material y métodos Estudio retrospectivo de revisión basado en casos que incluyó 500 pacientes con AR. Se identificaron los pacientes con niveles de calcio aumentados en al menos dos ocasiones.  Resultados La hipercalcemia estuvo presente en 24 de los 500 pacientes con AR (4,8%). La edad osciló entre 50 y 80 años, con una media de 68±10 años. La duración media de la enfermedad fue de 10±7 años. De los pacientes con hipercalcemia, 22 eran mujeres postmenopáusicas (92%) y solo dos eran hombres (8%). El hiperparatiroidismo se encontró en 9 pacientes de la serie; solo un paciente tenía una hipercalcemia maligna debido a un mieloma múltiple, y un caso fue consecuencia de una intoxicación por vitamina D. En un paciente la hipercalcemia parecía relacionada con el síndrome calcio-alcalino. En el resto de pacientes, la hipercalcemia fue idiopática (8/24) o el estudio fue incompleto (4/24). No se encontró una relación evidente entre la actividad de la enfermedad y la aparición de hipercalcemia.  Conclusión Al igual que sucede en la población general, el hiperparatiroidismo primario es la causa más común de hipercalcemia en pacientes con AR. En algunos pacientes no se identificaron otros trastornos causantes de hipercalcemia, lo que plantea la posibilidad de una relación causal entre la AR y la hipercalcemia.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary  Objetive To investigate the prevalence of hypercalcemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and analyze the clinical features and causes of hypercalcemia.  Material and methods Retrospective case-based review study that included 500 patients with RA. Patients with increased calcium levels on at least two occasions were identified.  Results Hypercalcemia was present in 24 of the 500 RA patients (4.8%). The age ranged between 50 and 80 years, with a mean of 68±10 years. The mean duration of the disease was 10±7 years. Of the patients with hypercalcemia, 22 were postmenopausal women (92%) and only two were men (8%). Hyperparathyroidism was found in 9 patients in the series; only one patient had malignant hypercalcemia due to multiple myeloma, and one case was a consequence of vitamin D intoxication. In one patient, hypercalcemia appeared to be related to calcium-alkali syndrome. In the remaining patients, hypercalcemia was idiopathic (8/24) or the study was incomplete (4/24). No obvious relationship was found between disease activity and the appearance of hypercalcemia.  Conclusion As in the general population, primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in patients with RA. In some patients, no other disorders causing hypercalcemia were identified, raising the possibility of a causal relationship between RA and hypercalcemia.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hipercalcemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[artritis reumatoide]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hiperparatiroidismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vitamina D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hypercalcemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[rheumatoid arthritis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hyperparathyroidism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vitamin D]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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