<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2174-5145</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Española de Nutrición Humana y Dietética]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2174-5145</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Española de Nutrición y Dietética]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2174-51452022000100052</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14306/renhyd.26.1.1444</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Relación entre índice de masa corporal elevado y variables socioeconómicas en población chilena: un estudio transversal]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Relationship between high body mass index and socioeconomic variables in the Chilean population: a cross-sectional study]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sofía]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabezas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Mayor Facultad de Ciencias Escuela de Medicina]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Mayor Facultad de Estudios Interdisciplinarios Centro de Investigación en Sociedad y Salud]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>52</fpage>
<lpage>60</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2174-51452022000100052&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2174-51452022000100052&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2174-51452022000100052&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la prevalencia de índice de masa corporal (IMC) elevado en la población chilena y su relación con: sexo, edad, educación, hábito tabáquico y el ingreso económico.  Metodología:  Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal, utilizando los resultados de las Encuestas de Protección Social de los años 2009 y 2015. La variable independiente fue el IMC, en tanto que las variables dependientes fueron: sexo, edad, educación, tabaquismo e ingresos económicos. Con una muestra de 21.392 encuestados, se procesaron los datos en el programa Stata, usando tres modelos de regresión para el análisis estadístico (Ordinary Least Squares, Logit y Odds Ratio).  Resultados:  El 40% de los encuestados presentó sobrepeso, y el 20% resultó ser obeso. La prevalencia de sobrepeso fue mayor en hombres, mientras que la de obesidad fue superior en mujeres. El IMC elevado fue mayor en personas sobre 45 años. Por cada 5 años de aumento en la educación de un individuo, el IMC disminuyó en 1 punto. El tabaquismo mostró una relación inversa con IMC elevado. A medida que aumentaba el decil de ingreso, aumentó la prevalencia de sobrepeso y disminuyó la de obesidad.  Conclusiones:  La educación resulta relevante en la implementación de estrategias de prevención y control de IMC. El tabaquismo, en relación con el IMC elevado, demostró tener una relación inversa, lo cual podría asociarse como un mecanismo de control de peso corporal, siendo necesario reenfocar desde el ámbito educativo. En relación con los ingresos económicos, los hallazgos son contradictorios, ya que se encontró que la probabilidad de un individuo de tener sobrepeso aumentó a medida que su ingreso era mayor, mientras que la probabilidad de ser obeso disminuyó a medida que aumentó su ingreso económico.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of elevated body mass index (BMI) in the Chilean population, and its relationship with sex, age, education, smoking habits and economic income.  Methodology:  Cross-sectional observational study was carried out, using the results of the Social Protection Surveys 2009 and 2015. The independent variable was the BMI, while the dependent variables were sex, age, education, smoking and economic income. With a sample of 21,392 respondents, data were processed in the Stata program, using three statistical analysis models (Ordinary Least Squares, Logit and Odds Ratio).  Results:  40% of those surveyed were overweight, and 20% were obese. The prevalence of overweight was higher in men, while obesity was higher in women. Elevated BMI was higher in people over 45 years of age. Every 5 years of increase of education, in an individual&#8217;s education, the BMI decreased 1 point. Smoking showed an inverse relationship with high BMI. As the income decile increased, the prevalence of overweight increased and that of obesity decreased.  Conclusions:  Education is relevant in the implementation of BMI prevention and control strategies. Smoking, in relation to high BMI, was shown to have an inverse relationship which could be associated as a body weight control mechanism, making it necessary to refocus from the educational field. In relation to economic income, the findings are contradictory, since it was found that the likelihood of an individual being overweight incremented as their income increased, while the likelihood of being obese decreased as income increased.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Índice de Masa Corporal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sobrepeso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Obesidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Renta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Prevalencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Body Mass Index]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Overweight]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Obesity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Income]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Prevalence]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>WHO</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Obesity and overweight]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>WHO</collab>
<source><![CDATA[10 facts on obesity]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vio del Río]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Increase of obesity in Chile and the world]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Chil Nutr]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Márquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Obesity: prevalence and relationship with educational level in Spain]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Clín Diet Hosp]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<page-range>181-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lanas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bazzano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rubinstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calandrelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C-S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elorriaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence, distributions and determinants of obesity and central obesity in the Southern Cone of America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLOS ONE]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>11</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abarca-Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdeen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ZA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ZA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abu-Rmeileh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta-Cazares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acuin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>390</volume>
<page-range>2627-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodrigo-Cano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Obesity's causes and treatment]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soriano del Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merino-Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Clín Diet Hosp]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<page-range>87-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moncada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence and current trend of overweight and obesity in adults worldwide]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Endocrinol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>30</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>The GBD 2015 Obesity Collaborators</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Health effects of overweight and obesity in 195 countries over 25 years]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>377</volume>
<page-range>13-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Ministerio Trabajo y Previsión Social</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Encuesta de Protección Social]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petermann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Labraña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leiva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garrido-Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factors associated with the development of obesity in Chile: results of the 2009-2010. Encuesta Nacional de Salud]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Méd Chile]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>145</volume>
<page-range>716-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Atalah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiology of obesity in Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Méd Clín Las Condes]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>117-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de la Manzanara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FML]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intervention in the prevention of obesity and overweight in schoolchildren: a meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cuidando la Salud]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>2-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pardos-Mainer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Obesity, School Intervention; Physical Activity and Healthy Lifestyles in Spanish Children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cub de Salud Pública]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>47</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salmela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lallukka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kanerva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pietiläinen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rahkonen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mauramo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intergenerational social mobility and body mass index trajectories - A follow-up study from Finland]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[SSM Popul Health]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>13</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
