<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2340-9894</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ars Pharmaceutica (Internet)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ars Pharm]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2340-9894</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Granada]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2340-98942019000600219</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30827/ars.v60i4.9996</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Primeros estudios de preformulación en el desarrollo de una suspensión farmacéutica de micropartículas de Praziquantel destinada a la vía de administración oral]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[First preformulation studies in the development of a pharmaceutical suspension of Praziquantel microparticles destined to the oral route of drug administration]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badillo-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Luisa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Granada Facultad de Farmacia Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Granada Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBM) Instituto de Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa (IBIMER)]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Servicio Andaluz de Salud (SAS) - Universidad de Granada Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>219</fpage>
<lpage>225</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2340-98942019000600219&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2340-98942019000600219&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2340-98942019000600219&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  Uno de los fármacos de primera línea en el tratamiento de la esquistosomiasis es el Praziquantel. Numerosas son las formas farmacéuticas sólidas orales desarrolladas hasta la fecha, siendo éstas poco adecuadas para determinados grupos de población, ej. tercera edad y Pediatría, y Veterinaria. Este trabajo describe los primeros pasos en el desarrollo de un estudio de preformulación dirigido al diseño de una forma farmacéutica líquida de administración oral para este principio activo.  Método:  Se caracterizó la forma y tamaño de las partículas de Praziquantel con las que se pretendía preparar una suspensión acuosa, mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido. Además, se analizó el efecto que el pH y el tipo de electrolito y su concentración tenían sobre el comportamiento de las suspensiones formuladas, gracias a medidas de electroforesis (potencial zeta) y espectrofotometría ultravioleta-visible (turbidimetría en función del tiempo).  Resultados:  La población de partículas de fármaco se caracterizó por una forma acicular y un tamaño micrométrico, con una distribución de tamaños heterogénea. Se comprobó cómo controlando la composición del medio de dispersión, en términos de pH y electrolitos, podía definirse la carga eléctrica superficial de las partículas de fármaco y, así su proceso de sedimentación, obteniéndose el sistema más adecuado para la vía de administración oral (sistema floculado).  Conclusiones:  Se han definido las condiciones iniciales de formulación de suspensiones acuosas de Praziquantel destinadas a la vía oral. Un control adecuado de la composición de la fase externa resulta fundamental en el establecimiento del mejor sistema (floculado) para esta vía de administración.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  One of the first-line drugs against schistosomiasis is Praziquantel. Up to now, numerous oral solid dosage forms have been developed, being they considered of little help to elder patients, pediatrics, and Veterinary. Initial steps in the development of preformulation studies aiming the design of a Praziquantel liquid pharmaceutical dosage form to be administered orally are described.  Method:  Size and shape of Praziquantel particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, it was investigated the effect of pH and type of electrolyte and its concentration in the aqueous dispersion media on the behaviour of the suspensions. To that aim, electrokinetic determinations (zeta potential) and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry measurements (turbidimetry as a function of time) were done.  Results:  Drug particles were characterized by an acicular shape and a micrometer size (heterogeneous size distribution). It was observed that controlling the composition of the aqueous dispersion media, in terms of pH and electrolytes, helped in defining the surface electrical charge of the drug particles and, thus the sedimentation profile, obtaining the more adequate system for the oral route of drug administration (flocculated system).  Conclusions: Initial conditions to formulate aqueous Praziquantel suspensions for the oral route have been defined. An appropriate control of the composition of the external phase of the suspension is a key aspect when establishing the best liquid pharmaceutical system (flocculated) for this administration route.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Electroforesis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Esquistosomiasis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Praziquantel]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sedimentación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Suspensión Acuosa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Aqueous Suspension]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Electrophoresis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Praziquantel]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Schistosomiasis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sedimentation]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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