<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2340-9894</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ars Pharmaceutica (Internet)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ars Pharm]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2340-9894</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Granada]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2340-98942020000300004</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30827/ars.v61i3.15279</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Formulation and evaluation of baclofen liposome vesicles using lecithin]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Formulación y evaluación de vesículas de liposomas de baclofeno usando lecitina]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keservani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raj K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gautam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Surya Prakash]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,IKG Punjab Technical University Pharmaceutical Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>India</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,CT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sahpur Campus ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>India</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>61</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>175</fpage>
<lpage>180</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2340-98942020000300004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2340-98942020000300004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2340-98942020000300004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  The main aim of present study was to prepare and characterize liposomal formulation of baclofen to improve the effectiveness of the topically applied formulation.  Method:  For the preparation of liposomes, different ratio of lecithin, cholesterol and ethanol were taken but ratio of drug and stearic acid were kept constant and prepared by ethanol injection method. Liposomes were characterized for vesicle size, vesicle shape, entrapment efficiency, in vitro studies, stability studies and  in vivo studies.  Results:  The average particle size of formulated liposome was in the range of 3.98±0.45-4.24±0.65 µm and small unilamellar vesicles with spherical in shape observed. Entrapment efficiency of optimized formulation was 58.67±0.81 %. The maximum % cumulative drug release behaviours were 67.66±5.32 % after 10 h. formulation stored in 4±2 °C temperature shows better stability (64.19±0.26) compared to elevated temperature. Swiss albino mice were used for the in vivo study and exhibit muscle relaxant activity in terms of no. of falls from rota rod apparatus (p value =0.001).  Conclusions:  Baclofen loaded liposomal formulation have shown skeletal muscle relaxant activity in mice suggesting delivery of baclofen from liposomes in the therapeutic range.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue preparar y caracterizar la formulación liposomal de baclofeno para mejorar la efectividad de la formulación aplicada tópicamente.  Método:  Para la preparación de liposomas, se tomaron diferentes proporciones de lecitina, colesterol y etanol, pero la proporción de fármaco y ácido esteárico se mantuvo constante y se preparó mediante el método de inyección de etanol. Los liposomas se caracterizaron por tamaño de vesícula, forma de vesícula, eficacia de atrapamiento, estudios in vitro, estudios de estabilidad y estudios in vivo.  Resultados:  El tamaño promedio de partícula del liposoma formulado estuvo en el rango de 3.98 ± 0,45-4,24 ± 0,65 µm y se observaron pequeñas vesículas unilamelares con forma esférica. La eficiencia de atrapamiento de la formulación optimizada fue de 58,67 ± 0,81%. El % máximo de comportamientos acumulativos de liberación de drogas fue 67,66 ± 5,32% después de 10 h. la formulación almacenada a una temperatura de 4 ± 2 ° C muestra una mejor estabilidad (64,19±0,26) en comparación con la temperatura elevada. Se usaron ratones albinos suizos para el estudio in vivo y exhiben actividad relajante muscular en términos de no. de caídas del aparato de varilla giratoria (valor p = 0,001).  Conclusiones:  la formulación liposomal cargada de baclofeno ha mostrado actividad relajante del músculo esquelético en ratones, lo que sugiere la administración de baclofeno desde los liposomas en el rango terapéutico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lecithin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cholesterol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Baclofen]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ethanol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Muscle Relaxant Activity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Lecitina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[colesterol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[baclofeno]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[etanol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[actividad relajante muscular]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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