<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2340-9894</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ars Pharmaceutica (Internet)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ars Pharm]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2340-9894</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Granada]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2340-98942021000300290</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30827/ars.v62i3.17944</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Development and optimization of proniosomal gel containing etodolac: in-vitro, ex-vivo and in-vivo evaluation]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Desarrollo y optimización del gel proniosomal que contiene etodolaco: evaluación in vitro, ex vivo e in vivo]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Moreshwar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Prashant]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Udavant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pavan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sonawane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sandeep]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhambere]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Deepak]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Savitribai Phule Pune University MET's Institute of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutics]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pune ]]></addr-line>
<country>India</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Savitribai Phule Pune University MET's Institute of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacology]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pune ]]></addr-line>
<country>India</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Savitribai Phule Pune University MET's Institute of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical analysis]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pune ]]></addr-line>
<country>India</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>290</fpage>
<lpage>304</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2340-98942021000300290&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2340-98942021000300290&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2340-98942021000300290&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  Etodolac is used in the treatment of acute pain and inflammation. It has low solubility because of high hydrophobicity and it is reported that upon oral administration shows gastric disturbances. This encourages the development of topical vesicular formulation.  Method:  In this work we used coacervation-phase separation method for the development of etodolac loaded vesicular system by using non-ionic surfactants, cholesterol and soya lecithin. Central composite design (rotatble) was used to optimize the concentrations of soy lecithin, surfactant and cholesterol. The prepared formulations were characterized by number of vesicles formed, vesicle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, in-vitro permeation, ex-vivo permeation and anti-inflammatory study.  Results:  Etodolac was successfully entrapped in all formulations having efficiency in the range of 74.36% to 90.85%, which was more at 4 °C than room temperature. When hydrated with water; niosome in the range of 54 to 141 (per cubic mm) were spontaneously produced. The results of in-vitro diffusion study revealed that etodolac was released in the range of 71.86 to 97.16% over a period of 24 hrs. The average vesicle size of optimized formulation was found 211.9 nm with PDI of 0.5. The observed responses i.e. % encapsulation efficiency and drug release were 74.12 and 95.08 respectively. The zeta potential was -19.4mV revealed the stability of formulation which was further confirmed by no changes in drug content and drug release after stability studies. The % inhibition in paw volume was 40.52% and 43.61% for test and marketed proniosomal gel.  Conclusion:  Proniosomal gel formulation was stable and could enhance skin delivery of etodolac because of excellent permeation capability of vesicular system.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  Etodolac se usa en el tratamiento del dolor agudo y la inflamación. Tiene baja solubilidad debido a la alta hidrofobia y se informa que tras la administración oral muestra alteraciones gástricas. Esto fomenta el desarrollo de formulación tópica en lugar de oral.  Método:  En este trabajo utilizamos el método de separación de fase de coacervación para el desarrollo del sistema vesicular cargado con etodolaco mediante el uso de tensioactivos no iónicos, colesterol y lecitina de soja. El diseño central compuesto (rotativo) se utilizó para optimizar las concentraciones de lecitina de soja, surfactante y colesterol. Las formulaciones preparadas se caracterizaron por análisis de tamaño de vesículas, potencial zeta, eficiencia de atrapamiento, permeación in vitro, permeación ex vivo y estudio antiinflamatorio.  Resultados:  Etodolac quedó atrapado con éxito en todas las formulaciones que tenían una eficiencia en el intervalo de 74,36% a 90,85%, siendo mayor a 4 ° C que a temperatura ambiente. Cuando se hidrata con agua, los niosomas se producen espontaneamente el rango de 54 a 141 (por mm cúbico). Los resultados del estudio de difusión in vitro revelaron que el etodolaco se liberó en un rango de 71,86 a 97,16% durante un período de 24 horas. El tamaño medio de vesícula de la formulación optimizada se encontró en 211,9 nm con un PDI de 0,5. Las respuestas observadas, es decir,% de eficacia de encapsulación y liberación de fármaco, fueron 74,12 y 95,08 respectivamente. El potencial zeta fue de -19,4 mV y reveló la estabilidad de la formulación, que fue confirmada adicionalmente por la ausencia de cambios en el contenido del fármaco y la liberación del fármaco después de los estudios de estabilidad. El% de inhibición en el volumen de la pata fue del 40,52% y del 43,61% para la prueba y el gel proniosómico comercializado.  Conclusión:  la formulación de gel proniosomal fue estable y podría mejorar el suministro de etodolaco a la piel debido a la excelente capacidad de permeación del sistema vesicular.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[de fármacos vesiculares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gel proniosómico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[etodolaco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tensioactivos no iónicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estudio antiinflamatorio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[drug delivery]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[proniosomal gel]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[etodolac]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[non-ionic surfactants]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[anti- inflammatory study]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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