<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2340-9894</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ars Pharmaceutica (Internet)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ars Pharm]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2340-9894</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Granada]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2340-98942022000300005</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30827/ars.v63i3.23894</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Amphotericin B is usually underdosed in the treatment of experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La anfotericina B normalmente es subdosificada en el tratamiento de la leishmaniasis cutánea experimental]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sifontes-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sergio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaviano-Montes de Oca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudia Sissely]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monzote-Fidalgo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lianet]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meneses-Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Susana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mollineda-Diogo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Niurka]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escario-García-Trevijano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Central &#8220;Marta Abreu&#8221; de Las Villas Centro de Bioactivos Químicos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Villa Clara ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Medicina Instituto Nacional de Cardiología &#8220;Ignacio Chávez&#8221;. División de Investigación, Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Medicina Tropical &#8220;Pedro Kourí&#8221; Departamento de Parasitología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Complutense de Madrid Facultad de Farmacia Departamento de Parasitología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>253</fpage>
<lpage>262</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2340-98942022000300005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2340-98942022000300005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2340-98942022000300005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: Amphotericin B is an effective drug for the treatment of the different clinical forms of leishmaniasis. However, there are reports of its ineffectiveness in animals experimentally infected withLeishmaniaspp. That is why, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the balance of activity-toxicity at amphotericin B doses over 1 mg/kg, so that its use as a positive control antileishmanial drug were adequate.  Method: BALB/c mice were experimentally infected withL. amazonensisand treated with amphotericin B by intraperitoneal route at doses from 5 mg/kg to 12.5 mg/kg, beginning 21 days after infection. The size of the lesions and the body weight of the mice were measured for eleven weeks after the commencement of treatment. The number of parasites was also determined three days after the end of treatment.  Results: Amphotericin B at 5 mg/kg retarded lesions growth but neither reduced lesion size nor the parasite load at lesion site. Doses of 7.5 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, every 48 h for 14 days (7 doses) caused a significant reduction of lesion size and parasite load without evident loss of body weight and without signs of toxicity. Amphotericin B at 12.5 mg/kg was more effective but produced unacceptable toxicity.  Conclusions: The results support the use of amphotericin B as a positive control drug in BALB/c mice experimentally infected withL. amazonensisat doses of 7.5 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg to achieve an effect comparable to that observed in clinical practice.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: La anfotericina B es un fármaco eficaz para el tratamiento de las distintas formas de leishmaniosis. Sin embargo, existen informes sobre su ineficacia en animales de laboratorio infectados experimentalmente conLeishmaniaspp.Es por ello que el objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el balance de actividad-toxicidad a dosis de Anfotericina B superiores a 1 mg/kg, de modo que su uso como fármaco leishmanicida control positivo sea adecuado.  Método: Se infectaron experimentalmente ratones BALB/c conL. amazonensisy se trataron con anfotericina B por vía intraperitoneal a dosis desde 5 mg/kg hasta 12,5 mg/kg, comenzando 21 días después de la infección. Durante once semanas a partir del comienzo del tratamiento se evaluó el tamaño de las lesiones y el peso corporal de los ratones. Tres días después de concluido el tratamiento se determinó el número de parásitos en las lesiones.  Resultados: La anfotericina B a 5 mg/kg retrasó el crecimiento de las lesiones, pero no redujo su tamaño ni disminuyó significativamente el número de parásitos en la lesión. Dosis de 7,5 mg/kg a 10 mg/kg, cada 48 h durante 14 días (7 dosis) causaron una reducción significativa del tamaño de la lesión y de la carga parasitaria sin pérdida manifiesta de peso corporal y sin signos de toxicidad. La anfotericina B a 12,5 mg/kg fue más eficaz, pero produjo una toxicidad inaceptable.  Conclusiones: Los resultados avalan el uso de la anfotericina B como control positivo en ratones BALB/c infectados experimentalmente conL. amazonensisen dosis de 7,5 mg/kg a 10 mg/kg para lograr un efecto comparable al observado en la práctica clínica.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Leishmania amazonensis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[amphotericin B]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[BALB/c]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dose]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Leishmania amazonensis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[anfotericina B]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[BALB/c]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dosis]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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